Technical Article Sharing - Treatment and Disposal of Solid Waste

December 03, 2020

1. What is solid waste?

Solid waste is a substance that has been discarded in production, life and other activities and which has not been used in value or which has not lost its value but has been discarded or abandoned in solid, semisolid, or gaseous state, in a container, and where the laws and administrative regulations have provided for the incorporation of solid waste management. Non-hazardous processing and compliance with mandatory national product quality standards will not endanger public health and ecological safety or otherwise be considered as no solid waste according to the solid waste identification standard and the identification procedure.

2. What is the treatment and disposal of solid waste?

Solid waste treatment is the process of converting solid waste into a form that is suitable for transportation, use, storage or final disposal. The purpose of solid waste treatment is to reduce, recycle and harmless solid waste.
Solid waste disposal refers to the terminal aspects of solid waste contamination control. Solid waste is treated and used, and residues enrich a large number of toxic and hazardous components, and in order to control their environmental contamination, the final disposal must be carried out to maximize the isolation of the biosphere, which is also known as safe disposal.

3. What are the treatment methods for solid waste?
Solid waste treatment methods include physical treatment, chemical treatment, biologic treatment, heat treatment, solidification treatment.
I) Physical processing: Change the structure of solid waste into a form that is readily transported, stored, used or disposed of by concentration or phase change.
II) Chemical treatment: Chemical methods are used to destroy hazardous substances in solid waste so as to be harmless or to be converted into a form that is suitable for further treatment and disposal.
III) Biologic Treatment: Biodegradation of Degradable Organics in solid waste with microorganisms to achieve harmlessness or comprehensive utilization.
IV) Heat treatment: Destroys and alters the composition and structure of solid waste through high temperatures, while achieving the purpose of reducing, harmlessness and resourcing.
V) Curing Treatment: The process of handling a species that is safe to transport and dispose of by using an inert solidified substrate to secure or wrap the skin in order to reduce its environmental hazards.

4. What are the disposal methods for solid waste?
Marine disposal methods include deep-sea dumping and marine incineration; and land disposal including land tillage, engineering storage, landfill, deep well perfusion, etc.

5. What are the solid waste pollution control technologies?
From "harmless" to "recycling" is the inevitable development trend in the treatment and utilization of solid waste, "recycling" with "harmless" as the prerequisite, "harmless" and "reduced" to “recycling” as a condition.
Harmlessness: The disposal of solid waste through engineering for the purpose of not harming human health or polluting the surrounding environment, including waste incineration, sanitary landfill, heat treatment of hazardous waste, etc.
Reduction: Reducing and reducing the quantity and volume of solid waste, including the treatment and utilization of solid waste, and reducing the amount of solid waste produced by appropriate means.
Recycling: Taking process measures to recover useful substances and energy from solid waste, including the extraction of valence components, energy recovery, etc.

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